PUBLICATIONS
Mr. Lemon has published extensively in both domestic and
foreign scientific journals, principally in areas involving synthesis
of advanced conventional and Doppler weather radar data, severe thunderstorm
radar applications development, and in severe thunderstorm structure
and life cycle. He is co-author of the chapter titled "Severe Storm
Detection by Radar" in the landmark volume, Radar
in Meteorology,
edited by D. Atlas.
His 1979 Monthly Weather Review paper: "Severe
Thunderstorm Evolution and Mesocyclone Structure as Related to Tornadogenesis"
presented the revised supercell storm model. Today, 26 years later,
it is recognized throughout the world as the most complete supercell
storm model.
Publications include 18 peer-reviewed journal articles,
two book contributions (chapters), 45 preprint/proceeding papers, 10
reports/technical memoranda, and many contributions to periodicals and
miscellaneous publications.
The following papers are numbered chronologically.
Peer-Reviewed Journal Articles
(Indicates Most Important)
3. Doviak, R. J., D. Burgess, L. Lemon, and D. Sirmans,
1974: Doppler velocity and reflectivity structure observed within a
tornadic storm. Journal de Recherches Atmospherics, VII, 1-2, 235-243.
5. Sirmans, D. R. J. Doviak, D. Burgess, L. Lemon, 1974:
Real time Doppler isotach and reflectivity signature of a tornado cyclone.
Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 55, 1126-1127.
*7. Burgess, D. W., L. R. Lemon, and R. A. Brown,
1975: Tornado characteristics revealed by Doppler radar. Geophysical
Research Letters, 2, 183-184.
8. Brown, R. A., D. W. Burgess, J. K. Carter, L. R. Lemon,
D. Sirmans, 1975: NSSL dual-Doppler radar measurements in tornadic storms:
a preview. Bull.
Amer. Meteor. Soc., 56, 524-526.
*11. Davies-Jones, R. P., D. W. Burgess, and L.
R. Lemon, 1976: An atypical tornado producing cumulonimbus. Weather,
31, 336-347. *12. Lemon, L. R., 1976a: The flanking line, a
severe thunderstorm intensification source. J.
Atmos. Sci., 33, 686-694.
13. , 1976b: Wake vortex structure and aerodynamic origin
in severe thunderstorms.
J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 678-685.
22. , R. J. Donaldson, Jr., D. W. Burgess, and R. A. Brown,
1977a: Doppler radar application to severe thunderstorm study and potential
real-time warning. Aerospace Sci. Rev., No. 77-1, Hq. Air Weather Service,
63-71.
28. __________, D. W. Burgess, and R, A. Brown, 1978:
Tornadic storm airflow and morphology derived from single Doppler radar
measurements. Mon.
Wea. Rev., 106, 48-61.
30. Davies-Jones, R. P., D. W. Burgess, L. R. Lemon, and
D. Purcell, 1978: Interpretation of surface marks and debris patterns
from the Union City tornado. Mon.
Wea. Rev., 106, 12-21.
*35. Lemon, L. R., and C. A. Doswell III, 1979:
Severe thunderstorm evolution and mesocyclone structure as related to
tornadogenesis. Mon.
Wea. Rev., 107, 1184-1197.
39. Schaefer, J. T., F. P. Ostby, C. A. Doswell III, L.
R. Lemon, R. P. McNulty, S. J. Weiss, and L. F. Wilson, 1980: Meeting
Review: 11th Conference on Severe Local Storms, AMS, 2-5 October 1979,
Kansas City, Mo., Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 61, 123-129.
42. __________, and D. Kelly, C. A. Doswell III, J. G.
Galway, R. J. Williams, R. P. McNulty, L. R. Lemon, and B. D. Lambert,
1980: Tornadoes: when- where- how often. Weatherwise, 33, 52-59.
*44. Doswell III, C. A., L. R. Lemon, R. A. Maddox,
1981: Forecaster training - a review and analysis. Bull. Amer. Meteor.
Soc., 62, 983-988.
66*. Lemon, L. R., 1998: The radar
“three-body scatter spike”: An operational large hail signature.
Wea. And Forecasting, 13, 327-340.
76*. Lemon, L.R., A. Stan-Sion,
C. Soci, and E. Cordoneanu, 2003e: A strong, long-track, Romanian tornado.
Atmospheric Research, 67-68, 391-416.
Book Contributions
*47. Burgess, D. W., and L. R. Lemon, 1990: Severe
thunderstorm detection by radar. Chapter 30a, Radar
In Meteorology, Ed. D. Atlas, Amer. Meteor. Soc., Boston, 619-647.
*70. Lemon, L. R., 1999: WSR-88D/98D: Operational
capabilities, and applications, weather and biological targets, Migrating
Birds Know No Boundaries, International Seminar on Birds and Flight
Safety in the Middle East, Israel, April 25-29, 1999, Ed. Yossi Leshem,
Yale Mandelik, Judy Shamoun-Barnes.
International Center for the Study of Bird Migration, Latrun, Israel,
261-282.
Proceeding/Preprints
1. Lemon, L. R., 1970: Formation and emergence of an anticyclonic
eddy within a severe thunderstorm as revealed by radar and surface data.
Preprints, 14th Conf. on Radar Meteor., Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc.,
323-328.
2. Doviak, R. J., D. Burgess, L. Lemon, and D. Sirmans,
1973: Observations of Doppler isotach and reflectivity structure within
tornadic storms. Preprints, Inter-union Commission of Radio Meteor.
Colloquium, Nice, France.
6. Burgess, D. W., L. R. Lemon, and R. A. Brown, 1975:
Evolution of a tornado and parent circulation as revealed by single
Doppler radar. Preprints, 16th Radar Meteor. Conf., Boston, Amer. Meteor.
Soc.,99-106.
9. Lemon, L. R., D. W. Burgess, and R. A. Brown, 1975:
Tornado production and storm sustenance. Preprints, 9th Conf. on Severe
Local Storms, Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 100-104.
10. Davies-Jones, R. P., D. W. Burgess, and L. R. Lemon,
1975: Analysis of the 4 June 1973 Norman tornadic storm. Preprints,
9th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 384-388.
*14. Brown, R. A., and L. R. Lemon, 1976: Single
Doppler radar vortex recognition: Part II- Tornadic vortex signatures.
Preprints, 17th Conf. on Radar Meteor., Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc.,
104-109.
21. Lemon, L. R., R. J. Donaldson, Jr., D. W. Burgess,
and R. A. Brown, 1977: Doppler radar application to severe thunderstorm
study and potential real-time warning. Proceedings, Seventh Technical
Exchange Conf., White Sands Missile Range, Atmospherics Sci. Lab., 64-71.
24. Burgess, D. W., R. A. Brown, L. R. Lemon, and C. R.
Safford, 1977: Evolution of a tornadic thunderstorm. Preprints, 10th
Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 84-89.
*25. Lemon, L. R., 1977: Severe thunderstorm evolution:
its use in a new technique for radar warnings. Preprints, 10th Conf.
on Severe Local Storms, Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77-80. *31.
Lemon, L. R., 1978a: On the use of storm structure for hail identification.
Preprints, 18th Conf. on Radar Meteor., Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc.,
203-206.
32. , 1978b: Improved application of conventional radar
data and satellite imaging to severe thunderstorm detection and prediction.
Preprints, Conf. on Atmospheric Environment of Aerospace Systems and
Applied Meteorology, Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 154-158.
33. Doswell III, C. A. and L. R. Lemon, 1979: An operational
evaluation of certain kinematic and thermodynamic parameters associated
with severe thunderstorms. Preprints, 11th Conf. on Severe Local Storms,
Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 397-402.
*34. Lemon, L. R., and C. A. Doswell III, 1979:
Mesocyclone and severe thunderstorm structure: a revised model. Preprints,
11th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 458-463.
36. Lemon, L. R., 1979: On improving National Weather
Service severe thunderstorm and tornado warnings. Preprints, 11th Conf.
on Severe Local Storms, Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 569-572.
41. , and D. W. Burgess, 1980: Magnitude and implications
of high speed outflow at severe storm summits. Preprints, 19th Conf.
on Radar Meteorology, Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 364-368.
*45. Lemon, L. R., D. W. Burgess and L. D. Hennington,
1982: A tornado extending to extreme heights as revealed by Doppler
radar. Preprints, 12th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Boston, Amer. Meteor.
Soc., 430-432.
48. Foster, M. P., L. R. Lemon, T. O'Bannon, 1990: NEXRAD
observations of the evolution of a flash flood event in Oklahoma. Preprints,
16th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc., J5-J9.
49. Ray, P. S., L. R. Lemon, D. A. Miller, and B. D. Whissel,
1991: Operational Doppler radar in the tropics. Preprints, 25th Int.
Conf. on Radar Meteor., Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 35-38.
50. , and L. R. Lemon, 1991: On the operational use of
Doppler radar in the tropics. Preprints, Int. Conf. on Mesoscale Meteor.
and TAMEX, Meteor. Soc. of Republic of China, Taipei, Taiwan, 380-384.
51. Burgess, D. and L. Lemon, 1991: Characteristics of
mesocyclones detected during a NEXRAD test. Preprints, 25th Int. Conf.
on Radar Meteor., Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 39-42.
52. Lemon, L. R., E. M. Quoetone, L. J. Ruthi, 1992a:
WSR-88D: effective operational applications of a high data rate. Preprints,
Symposium on Weather Forecasting, Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 173-180.
53. , , , 1992b: WSR-88D: Operational capabilities and
applications. Preprints, Fourth AES/CMOS Workshop on Operational Meteorology,
Atmos. Environ. Serv., Vancouver, B.C., Canada, 151-160.
54. Lemon, L. R., D. W. Burgess, 1993: Supercell associated
deep convergence zone revealed by a WSR-88D. Preprints, 26th International
Conf. on Radar Meteorology, Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 206-208.
55. Ruthi, L. J., E. M. Quoetone, and L. R. Lemon, 1993:
Operational analysis of selected meteorological phenomena with the WSR-88D.
Preprints, 13th Conf. on Weather Analysis and Forecasting, Boston, Amer.
Meteor. Soc., 469-476.
56. Burgess, D. W., L. R. Lemon, 1993: Tornado and mesocyclone
development in a low-shear environment: The Cashion, Oklahoma storm
of June 18, 1992. Preprints, 17th Conference on Severe Local Storms,
Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 153-157.
58. Krohn, D., L. R. Lemon, 1994: WSR-88D application
to volcanic ash detection, Postprints, First WSR-88D Users' Conference,
NOAA, Gov. Printing Office, Norman, Oklahoma, 113-124.
59. Lemon, L. R., and E. M. Quoetone, 1994: Interpretation
of the radar-centered "Donut" Signature. Postprints, First
WSR-88D User's Conf., NOAA, Gov. Printing Office, Norman, OK, 102-111.
60. Lemon, L. R., and E. M. Quoetone, 1995: WSR-88D and
visual observations of a non-supercellular storm and tornado. Preprints,
27th Conf. on Radar Meteor., Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 156-159.
61*. Lemon, L. R., 1995a: Recognition of the "three-body
scatter spike" as a large hail signature. Preprints, 27th Conf.
on Radar Meteor., Boston, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 533-535.
62. , 1995b: NEXRAD information dissemination service,
Postprints, Produced by Unisys Corporation, Sponsored by the National
Weather Service, Administered and published by Amer. Meteor. Soc., 387
PP.
63. Calheiros, R. V., and L. R. Lemon, 1995: Application
of radar clear air detection capability to flash flood forecasting.
Preprints, III International Symposium on Hydro. Applica. of Wea. Radars.
64. Sohl, C. J., E. M. Quoetone, and L. R. Lemon, 1996:
Severe storm warning decisions: Operational impact of multiple radars.
Preprints, 18th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Boston, Amer. Meteor.
Soc., 560-564.
*65. Lemon, L. R., and S. Parker, 1996: The Lahoma
storm deep convergence zone: Its characteristics and role in storm dynamics
and severity. Preprints, 18th Conf. on Severe Local Boston, Amer. Meteor.
Soc., 70-75.
67. Lemon, L. R., 1998a: Updraft identification with radar.
Preprints, 19th Conf. on Severe Local Storms, Minneapolis, MN, Amer.
Meteor. Soc., 709-712.
*68. ____________, 1998b: On the mesocyclone “dry
intrusion” and tornadogenesis. Preprints, 19th Conf. on Severe
Local Storms, Minneapolis, MN, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 752-755. *69.
____________, 1999: Operational uses of velocity spectrum width data.
Preprints, 29th International Conf. on Radar Meteor., Montreal Canada,
Amer. Meteor. Soc., 776-779.
71. Wilson, G.S., and L. R. Lemon. 2000: Integration and
application of multiple radars to May 3rd 1999 severe storms: An assessment
of the "VIPIR" performance. Preprints, 20th Conf. on Severe
Local Storms, Orlando, FL, Amer.
Meteor. Soc., paper 3.4.
72. Edwards, R. and L. R. Lemon, 2002: Proactive
or reactive: The severe storm threat to large event venues. Preprints,
21st Conf. on Severe Local Storms, San Antonio, TX, Amer. Meteor. Soc.,
232 – 235.
73. Lemon, L. R., and E. Quoetone, 2003a: The U.S. national
weather radar testbed (phased array): Potential
impact on aviation. Preprints, 31st Conference on Radar Meteorology,
Seattle, WA, Amer. Meteor. Soc, 874 – 877.
74. Lemon, L. R., and E. Quoetone, 2003b: Some
inferences on the visual cloud and the supercell radar echo relationship.
Preprints, 31st Conference on Radar Meteorology, Seattle, WA, J27 –
J30.
75. Lemon, L. R., E. Quoetone, and Milian, 2003c: array):
The U.S. national weather radar testbed: Phased array Doppler weather
radar research and potential for air traffic Management. Preprints,
5th US/Europe ATM R&D.
78. Beatty, K. A., J. M. Straka, E. N. Rasmussen, and
L. R. Lemon, 2004: A
quasi-objective method for discrimination of supercell archetypes using
the WSR-88D. Preprints, 22ND Conference on Severe Local Storms,
Hyannis, MA, Amer. Meteor. Soc., 8B.5.
Reports/Technical Memoranda
4. Lemon, L. R., 1974: Interaction of two convective scales
within a severe thunderstorm: A case study and thunderstorm wake vortex
structure and aerodynamic origin. NOAA Tech. Memo. ERLTM-NSSL-71, National
Severe Storms Laboratory, Norman, Oklahoma, 43 pp
15. Brown, R. A., and L. R. Lemon, 1976: Evolution of
the Doppler radar tornadic vortex signature in the Union City storm.
Chapter 15, The Union City, Oklahoma tornado of 24 May 1973. R. A. Brown,
Editor. NOAA Tech. Memo. ERL NSSL-80, Norman, National Severe Storms
Laboratory, 167-175.
16. Burgess, D. W., and L. R. Lemon, 1976: Union City
storm history. Chapter 5, The Union City, Oklahoma tornado of 24 May
1973. R. A. Brown, Editor. NOAA Tech. Memo. ERL NSSL-80, Norman, National
Severe Thunderstorms Laboratory, 33-51.
17. , , and G. L. Achtemeir, 1976: Severe storm splitting
and left-moving storm structure. Chapter 6, The Union City, Oklahoma
tornado of 24 May 1973. R. A. Brown, Editor. NOAA Tech. Memo. ERL NSSL-80,
Norman, National Severe Storms Laboratory, 53-66.
18. Davies-Jones, R. P., D. W. Burgess, L. R. Lemon, and
Purcell, 1976: Interpretation of surface marks and debris patterns from
the Union City tornado. Chapter 13, The Union City, Oklahoma tornado
of 24 May 1973. R. A. Brown, Editor. NOAA Tech. Memo. ERL NSSL-80, Norman,
National Severe Thunderstorms Laboratory, 141-156.
19. Lemon, L. R., and D. W. Burgess, 1976: Tornadic storm
airflow and morphology derived from single Doppler radar measurements.
Chapter 8, The Union City, Oklahoma tornado of 24 May 1973. R. A. Brown,
Editor. NOAA Tech. Memo. ERL NSSL-80, Norman, National Severe Thunderstorms
Laboratory, 85-106.
20. Lemon, L. R., 1976: Tornadic storm evolution: vortex
valve hypothesis. Appendix F, The Union City, Oklahoma tornado of 24
May 1973. R. A. Brown, Editor. NOAA Tech. Memo. ERL NSSL-80, Norman,
National Severe Storms Laboratory, 229-234.
26*. , 1977a: New severe thunderstorm radar identification
techniques and warning criteria: a preliminary report. NOAA Tech. Memo.
NWS NSSFC-1, Kansas City, National Severe Storms Forecast Center, 60
pp.
27*. , 1977b: New severe thunderstorm radar identification
techniques and warning criteria: a preliminary report. Air Weather Service
Tech. Report 77-271, 60 pp.
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